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Routine Health Care of Cats

ByNick Roman, DVM, MPH, College Station Cat Clinic
Reviewed ByManuals Staff
Reviewed/Revised Modified Aug 2025
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Routine health care is the regular care your cat needs to stay healthy throughout its life. This includes visits to the vet for vaccinations, controlling parasites, proper dental care, providing good nutrition, grooming, and keeping your cat safe from dangers in the home.

How Often Should I Take My Cat to the Vet?

  • Adult cats: Should see the vet for a full checkup at least once a year.

  • Kittens: Need to visit the vet every 3 to 4 weeks until they are about 6 months old.

  • Senior cats (over 8 to 9 years old): Should go to the vet twice a year or more often. Older cats are more likely to get sick, and catching problems early is important. Your vet might suggest regular blood tests to check for early signs of chronic illness.

  • Sick cats: If your cat seems unwell, take it to the vet right away.

What Shots Does My Cat Need?

Vaccinations are crucial for all cats, whether they stay indoors or go outside. The American Animal Hospital Association and the Feline Veterinary Medical Association have published guidelines for vaccinating cats. Your vet will recommend vaccines that are necessary based on where you live and your cat's lifestyle. Also see the Kitten Care topic for more about vaccination in kittens.

Booster vaccinations may be needed throughout the cat’s life to ensure ongoing protection. Your veterinarian can advise about not only about what vaccines your cat needs but also about when these vaccines should be followed up with booster shots.

Some side effects, like soreness or mild fever, are normal after vaccinations, but serious allergic reactions are rare. Certain tumors can develop after vaccination but are also very rare, and a number of changes have been made to the way vaccines are made and given to address this potential problem.

Does My Cat Need Its Teeth Brushed?

Cats need dental care throughout their lives. You can help keep their teeth and gums healthy by brushing their teeth and scheduling regular dental cleanings with the vet. Good dental care helps prevent plaque buildup, which can lead to gum disease and tooth loss.

Your veterinarian can advise you on how to brush your cat's teeth and whether other oral care is needed.

See the topic Dental Disorders of Cats for more information.

How Do I Know If My Cat Is Sick?

You know your cat best, so pay attention to any changes in its behavior, such as being less active or more active than usual. Common signs of illness include:

  • Not eating

  • Vomiting (including frequent hairballs)

  • Diarrhea or hard, dry stools

  • Increased thirst and frequent urination

  • Coughing or wheezing

  • Sneezing, especially with discharge from the eyes or nose

  • Itchy or dirty ears

  • Losing hair or general itchiness

  • Stiffness, limping, or not putting weight on a leg

If you notice any of these signs, or anything else you're concerned about, it’s a good idea to visit the vet.

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