Class | Species (Common Name) | How Contracted | Signs |
---|---|---|---|
Intestinal flukes | Nanophyetus salmincola (Salmon poisoning fluke), found in northwestern US, southwestern Canada, and other countries in the northern Pacific Rim | Dogs eat intermediate host (raw or improperly prepared salmon and similar fish) | Heavy infection causes intestinal inflammation. Infection is compounded by rickettsial infection carried by flukes (salmon poisoning disease). |
Alaria species, found in North America, Europe, Australia, and Japan. | Dogs eat intermediate hosts (frogs, snakes, mice) | Heavy infection can cause bleeding in the lungs or inflammation of the intestines (enteritis). | |
Heterobilharzia americana, found in southeastern US | Dogs are infected by a stage shed into water by snails (the intermediate host) | Heavy infection can cause lethargy, weight loss, vomiting, and diarrhea. “Water dermatitis” may be seen where parasites enter the skin. | |
Liver flukes | Opisthorchis species, found in eastern Europe, parts of Asia; Clonorchis sinensis is closely related | Dogs eat intermediate hosts including certain snails and fish | Longterm presence causes thickening and fibrosis of bile and pancreatic duct walls. Severe cases have been associated with cancer in the liver or pancreas. |
Metorchis species, found in North America, Europe, former Soviet Union | Dogs eat intermediate hosts (certain raw or undercooked fish and snails) | Seldom causes disease. |