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Classification of Burns in Horses

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Burn Classification	Tissue Layers Involved	Clinical Characteristics
First degree	Superficial layers of epidermis	Nonexudative, erythematous, tissue edema, painful. Usually heal without complication.
Second degree (superficial)	Epidermis and superficial dermis	Exudative, erythematous, blister formation, painful. Usually heal without complication.
Second degree (deep)	Epidermis and deep dermis	Erythema, tissue edema, eschar formation, not painful. Can progress to full thickness, delaying healing.
Third degree	All layers of skin, extending into subcutaneous tissue	Variable color (white/black), marked fluid loss from tissue, eschar formation, not painful. Susceptible to infection and complications.
Fourth degree	All layers of skin, extending into muscle, bone, ligament, fat, and fascia	Charred appearance of tissue, large tissue defects, not painful. Prognosis guarded; persistent tissue defects likely.