Classification of Heartworm Infection in Dogs
Class | Clinical Signs |
|---|---|
Mild (class I) | No clinical signs or cough |
Moderate (class II) | Cough, exercise intolerance, abnormal lung sounds |
Severe (class III) | Cough, exercise intolerance, abnormal heart or lung sounds, dyspnea, hepatomegaly, syncope, ascites, death |
Caval syndrome (class IV) | Hemoglobinuria, anemia, low-output heart failure |
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