Herbicides with Potential to Cause Developmental Toxicity in Experimental Animals
Compound | Effects |
|---|---|
Atrizine | Disruption of ovarian cycle and induced repetitive pseudopregnancy (rats, at high doses) |
Buturon | Cleft palate, increased fetal mortality (mice) |
Butiphos | Teratogenic (rabbit) |
Chloridazon | Malformations |
Chlorpropham | Malformations or other developmental toxicity (mice) |
Cynazine | Malformations such as cyclopia and diaphragmatic hernia (rabbits); skeletal variations in rats |
2,4-Da or 2,4,5-Ta alone or in combination | Malformations such as cleft palate, hydronephrosis; teratogenic (mice, rats) |
Dichlorprop | Teratogenic (mice); affect postnatal behavior (rats) |
Dinosebb | Multiple defects (mice, rabbits) |
Dinoterb | Skeletal malformations (rats); skeletal, jaw, head, and visceral (rabbits) |
Linuron | Malformations (rats) |
Mecoprop | Malformations (mice only) |
Monolinuron | Cleft palate (mice) |
MCPAc | Teratogenic and embryotoxic (rats), teratogenic (mice) |
Prometryn | Head, limbs, and tail defects (rat) |
Propachlor | Slightly teratogenic (rats) |
Nitrofenb | Malformations (mice, rats, hamsters) |
Silvex | Teratogenic (mice) |
TCDDa | Malformations/teratogenic (fetotoxicity in chickens, rats, mice, rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, and monkeys) |
Tridiphane | Malformations such as cleft palate (mice); skeletal variations (rats) |
a TCDD is a common contaminant during the manufacturing process of some herbicides such as 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T. | |
b Obsolete | |
c 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid | |