Insecticides With Anti–Sand Fly Efficacy

Active Ingredient(s)

Dose (range)

Application

Protection onset

Duration of Protection

Deltamethrin

40 mg/g

Collar

7 days

1 yr

Flumethrin, imidacloprid

56 mg/g

Collar

Unknown

8 mo

Permethrin

47.6 mg/kg

Spot-on

24–48 h

2 wk

Not applicable

Spray

Instant

2–3 d

Permethrin, dinotefuran, pyriproxyfen

46.6–158.8 mg/kg

Spot-on

24–48 h

4 wk

Permethrin, fipronil

50.5–160 mg/kg

Spot-on

24–48 h

4 wk

Permethrin, imidacloprid

50–125 mg/kg

Spot-on

24–48 h

3–4 wk

Permethrin, indoxacarb

48–96 mg/kg

Spot-on

24–48 h

3–4 wk

Adapted from Miró G, Petersen C, Cardoso L, et al. Novel areas for prevention and control of canine leishmaniosis. Trends Parasitol. 2017;33(9)718-730. doi:10.1016/j.pt.2017.05.005

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