Antibiotics and Antifungals | |
Amoxicillin | 11 mg/kg, IM or SC, once daily; 11 mg/kg, PO, twice daily |
Metronidazole | 25–50 mg/kg, PO, twice daily for 10 days (gastroenteritis and inflammatory bowel disease); 15 mg/kg, slow IV, twice daily for anaerobic infections |
Azithromycin | 40 mg/kg, PO, once, then 20 mg/kg, PO, once daily for 5 days |
Cefazolin | 25 mg/kg, IM or IV, twice daily for 10 days |
Doxycycline | 2.5 mg/kg, PO, twice daily for one day, then 2.5 mg/kg, PO, once daily |
Minocycline | 2–15 mg/kg, PO, once daily |
Enrofloxacin | 5 mg/kg, IM or PO, once to twice daily for 10 days |
Ciprofloxacin | 10–20 mg/kg, PO, twice daily for monkeys and apes |
Erythromycin | 30–50 mg/kg, IM or PO, two to three times daily |
Gentamicin | 3–5 mg/kg, IM or IV, twice daily for 5–7 days |
Penicillin G potassium + penicillin G benzathine | 20,000–60,000 U/kg, IM, once to twice daily (higher dosage in lemurs) |
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | 15–50 mg/kg, PO or IM, twice daily; sulfamethoxazole at 20 mg/kg, PO, twice daily (higher dosages for lemurs) |
Amoxicillin trihydrate and clavulanic potassium Ampicillin/sublactam | 7–13 mg/kg, PO, three times daily in monkeys 13 mg/kg, IV, three times daily in monkeys |
Ceftazidime | 50 mg/kg, IV or IM, three times daily in monkeys |
Fluconazole | 5 mg/kg, PO, once to twice daily for 10 days for candidiasis in monkeys |
Griseofulvin | 20 mg/kg, PO, once daily for 30–60 days for dermatophytosis in monkeys and marmosets |
Nystatin | 100,000–200,000 U, PO, three to four times daily for candidiasis in marmosets and monkeys |
Voriconazole | 5 mg/kg, PO, twice daily for 21–30 days for aspergillosis in monkeys |
Parasiticides | |
Fenbendazole | 50 mg/kg, PO, once daily for 5 days, repeated in 2 weeks |
Ivermectin | 200–300 mcg/kg, SC, IM, or PO, repeated in 14 days |
Mebendazole | 22 mg/kg, PO, once daily for 3 days, repeated in 14 days (for Giardia sp) |
Metronidazole | 30–50 mg/kg, PO, twice daily for 5–10 days for Giardia in monkeys and marmosets |
Praziquantel | 5 mg/kg, IM, PO, or SC, once (15–20 mg/kg, PO or IM, for some cestodes; 40 mg/kg, PO or IM, for trematodes) |
Pyrantel pamoate | 10 mg/kg, PO, for nematodes, most New World monkeys, prosimians, and marmosets |
Pyrimethamine | 1–2 mg/kg, PO, once daily for treatment of toxoplasmosis in conjunction with other antimalarial drugs Start with 2 mg/kg for 3 days, then 1 mg/kg for 28 days |
Sulfadiazine | 100 mg/kg, PO, with pyrimethamine for 28 days |
Trimethoprim/sulfa | 30 mg/kg, PO, twice daily for 21 days for toxoplasmosis and Encephalitozoon with other antimalarial drugs and supplement with folic acid |
Thiabendazole | 100 mg/kg, PO, once, repeated in 14 days (owl monkeys); 50 mg/kg, PO, once daily for 2 days (Strongyloides); 75–100 mg/kg, PO, once daily for 10 days (Entamoeba, Balantidium) in great apes |
Paromomycin | 10–20 mg/kg, PO, for 10 days for Balantidium, Cryptosporidium, and Entamoeba in both monkeys and marmosets, as well as Old World primates |
Anesthetics, Analgesics, and Behavior | |
Ketamine hydrochloride | 10–15 mg/kg, IM, for restraint only; ketamine (15 mg/kg) with diazepam (1 mg/kg), IM, or ketamine (8 mg/kg) with midazolam (0.2–1 mg/kg), IM, for additional muscle relaxation |
Ketoprofen | 2 mg/kg, IV or IM, once daily |
Acetaminophin | 5–10 mg/kg, PO, four times daily for monkeys and marmosets for mild analgesia and pyrexia. May be used in conjunction with ibuprofen, PO. |
Celecoxib | 200 mg/animal, PO, once to twice daily for chimpanzees |
Meloxicam | 0.2 mg/kg initial dose, followed by 0.1 mg/kg, PO or SC |
Buprenorphine | 0.005–0.01 mg/kg, SC, IM, or IV, two to four times daily (great apes) 0.015–0.02 mg/kg, IM or SC, three to four times daily (New World primates) |
Butorphanol tartrate | 0.02 mg/kg, SC, four times daily (New World primates); 0.02 mg/kg (not to exceed 0.3 mg total), IM (chimpanzees); may cause profound respiratory depression |
Fentanyl | As a constant rate infusion, 1–30 mcg/kg, IV, prosimians/monkeys Monitor closely for respiratory depression |
Dexmedetomidine | 40 mcg/kg, IM, for anesthesia, in combination with ketamine at 20–30 mcg/kg, IM (lemurs), or at 2–6 mg/kg, IM (macaques and baboons) |
Midazolam | 0.05–0.1 mg/kg, IV (slow), or 0.1–0.5 mg/kg, IM (with ketamine, helps prevent seizures in lemurs); 5 mg/animal, IM (chimpanzees) |
Diazepam | 1 mg/kg, IV, for seizures in monkeys and marmosets May also be given IM or PO |
Fluoxetine | 0.5–8.0 mg/kg, PO |
Oxymorphone (opioid analgesic) | 0.025–0.075 mg/kg, IM or IV, every 4–6 hours (New World primates); 0.15 mg/kg, SC, IM, or IV, every 4–6 hours (Old World primates); 1–1.5 mg/animal, SC or IM, every 4 hours (chimpanzees) |
Propofol | 2.5–5 mg/kg, IV bolus induction, 0.3–0.4 mg/kg/min constant-rate infusion (baboons and macaques); 7–8 mg/kg, IV bolus (marmosets, larger nonhuman primates); 1–2 mg/kg, IV bolus (chimpanzees), followed by infusion to effect; oxygen support always available |
Tiletamine-zolazepam | 3–5 mg/kg, IM, for restraint only (great apes), severe ataxia noted during recovery: 1–2.5 mg/kg, IM (New World primates); 1.5–3 mg/kg, IM (macaques) |
a All are extra-label uses. |