Pairs of embryonic aortic arches exist during early fetal development and subsequently give rise to the carotid arteries (third arches), the aortic arch (left fourth arch), and the pulmonary arteries and ductus arteriosus (sixth arches). The other aortic arches regress, although the first aortic arches also become part of the maxillary arteries. Congenital defects may arise if development or dissolution of the aortic arches is disrupted. Multiple vascular ring anomalies have been reported in dogs, including persistent right aortic arch, double aortic arch, left aortic arch with right ligamentum arteriosum, and retroesophageal subclavian arteries.
OTHER TOPICS IN THIS CHAPTER
Congenital and Inherited Anomalies of the Cardiovascular System
Congenital and Inherited Anomalies of the Cardiovascular System in Animals
Outflow Tract Obstructions in Animals
Aortic Stenosis in Animals
Pulmonic Stenosis in Animals
Coarctation of the Aorta in Animals
Left-to-Right Shunts in Animals
Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Animals
Ventricular Septal Defects in Animals
Atrial Septal Defects in Animals
Right-to-Left Shunts (Cyanotic Heart Disease) in Animals
Tetralogy of Fallot in Animals
Other Cyanotic Heart Diseases in Animals
Conditions of the Atrioventricular Valves in Animals
Mitral Valve Dysplasia in Animals
Tricuspid Valve Dysplasia in Animals
Mitral Valve Stenosis in Animals
Vascular Ring Anomalies in Animals
Persistent Right Aortic Arch in Animals
Miscellaneous Congenital Cardiac Abnormalities in Animals
