Protrusion of tissue on the forehead of a miniature horse foal with meningoencephalocele. In this foal, the meningoencephalocele is closed (covered with skin). In some animals, this defect is open externally. The foal shown here had surgery to excise the protruded tissue and had a favorable outcome after physical therapy and bottle feeding. The only residual clinical sign as an adult was sporadic seizures. In open meningoencephaloceles, CNS infection is a significant factor in outcome.