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MSD MANUAL
Veterinary Manual
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Veterinary Topics
Generalized Conditions
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Multiple Species
Congenital and Inherited Anomalies
Viral Causes of Congenital and Inherited Anomalies in Animals
Key Points
For More Information
Akabane and Related Simbu Serogroup Virus Infections in Ruminants
Etiology, Susceptibility, Host Range, and Distribution
Epidemiology and Transmission
Pathogenesis
Clinical Findings
Lesions of Akabane Disease and Related Infections
Diagnosis
Treatment, Control, and Prevention
Zoonotic Risk
Key Points
For More Information
References
Border Disease
Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Epidemiology
Clinical Findings
Lesions of Border Disease
Diagnosis
Control
Key Points
For More Information
References
Environmental Causes of Congenital and Inherited Anomalies in Animals
Key Points
For More Information
Overview of Congenital and Inherited Anomalies in Animals
Etiology
Inherited Defects
Nutritional Factors
Physical Factors
Gestational Accidents of Unknown Etiology
Key Points
For More Information
References
Lightning Strike and Electrical Injury
Lightning Strike and Electrical Injury in Animals
Lightning Strike Injury
Electrical Injury
Clinical Findings
Diagnosis
Treatment
Key Points
For More Information
Mycobacterial Infections in Animals
Mycobacterial Infections in Animals
Paraneoplastic Disorders in Small Animals
Overview of Paraneoplastic Disorders in Small Animals
Gastrointestinal Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Small Animals
Cancer Anorexia and Cancer Cachexia
Cancer Anorexia
Cancer Cachexia
Gastrointestinal Ulceration
Key Points
For More Information
References
Endocrinological Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Small Animals
Hypercalcemia
Hypoglycemia
Hyperestrogenism
Acromegaly
Key Points
For More Information
References
Hematologic Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Small Animals
Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Hyperglobulinemia
Key Points
For More Information
References
Cutaneous Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Small Animals
Nodular Dermatofibrosis
Superficial Necrolytic Dermatitis
Paraneoplastic Alopecia in Cats
Thymoma-Associated Exfoliative Dermatitis in Cats
Key Points
For More Information
References
Neurological Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Small Animals
Myasthenia Gravis
For More Information
References
Miscellaneous Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Small Animals
Hypertrophic Osteopathy
Fever
Key Points
For More Information
References
Protothecosis
Protothecosis in Animals
Etiology
Epidemiology
Pathogenesis
Clinical Findings
Bovine Mastitis
Canine Protothecosis
Feline Protothecosis
Miscellaneous
Diagnosis
Treatment
Control and Prevention
Zoonotic Aspects
Key Points
For More Information
Rhodococcus Infection
Rhodococcus Infection in Animals
Etiology
Epidemiology
Pathogenesis
Clinical Findings
Horses
Swine and Similar Species
Companion Animals
Ruminants
Diagnosis
Lesions
Treatment
Control and Prevention
Zoonotic Risk
Key Points
SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Animals
Etiology and Pathogenesis
Epizootiology
Clinical Features
Diagnosis
Prevention
Control
Treatment
References
Seneca Valley Virus Disease
Seneca Valley Virus Disease in Pigs
Etiology and Pathogenesis
Epidemiology
References
Clinical Findings
Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment, Control, and Prevention
References
Key Points
References
Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasmosis in Animals
Etiology and Pathogenesis
Clinical Findings
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prevention and Zoonotic Risk
Key Points
For More Information
Overview of Tuberculosis in Animals
Overview of Tuberculosis in Animals
Etiology
Pathogenesis
Clinical Findings
Diagnosis
Control
Zoonotic Potential
Key Points
For More Information
Tuberculosis in Various Animals
Tuberculosis in Rabbits
Tuberculosis in Guinea Pigs
Tuberculosis in Cattle
Tuberculosis in Sheep and Goats
Tuberculosis in Cervids
Tuberculosis in Horses
Tuberculosis in Elephants
Tuberculosis in Pigs
Tuberculosis in Dogs
Tuberculosis in Cats
Tuberculosis in Nonhuman Primates
Tuberculosis in Free-Range and Captive Wild Animals
Tuberculosis in Marine Mammals
Tularemia
Tularemia in Animals
Etiology
Epidemiology and Transmission
Zoonotic Risk
Clinical Findings
Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment and Control
Key Points
For More Information
Vesicular Stomatitis in Large Animals
Vesicular Stomatitis in Large Animals
Etiology
Epidemiology and Transmission
Clinical Findings
Diagnosis
Treatment, Control, and Prevention
Zoonotic Risk
Key Points
For More Information
Horses
African Horse Sickness
African Horse Sickness
Etiology and Epidemiology
Transmission
Clinical Findings and Lesions
Diagnosis
Prevention and Control
Key Points
For More Information
Equine Granulocytic Anaplasmosis
Equine Granulocytic Anaplasmosis
Etiology, Epidemiology, and Transmission
Clinical Findings
Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment and Control
Key Points
For More Information
Equine Infectious Anemia
Equine Infectious Anemia
Etiology and Pathogenesis
Epidemiology and Transmission
Clinical Findings
Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prevention and Control
Zoonotic Risk
Key Points
For More Information
References
Equine Viral Arteritis
Equine Viral Arteritis
Etiology and Pathogenesis
Epidemiology and Transmission
Clinical Findings
Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prevention and Control
Key Points
For More Information
Glanders
Glanders in Horses and Other Equids
Etiology
Clinical Findings
Diagnosis
Prevention, Control, and Treatment
Zoonotic Risk
Key Points
For More Information
References
Pigs
African Swine Fever
African Swine Fever
Etiology and Pathogenesis
Epidemiology and Transmission
Clinical Signs and Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment, Control, and Prevention
Key Points
For More Information
Classical Swine Fever
Classical Swine Fever
Etiology
Epidemiology
Clinical Findings and Lesions
Diagnosis
Control
Key Points
For More Information
References
Edema Disease
Edema Disease in Pigs
Etiology and Pathogenesis
References
Clinical Findings
Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment and Control
Key Points
For More Information
Encephalomyocarditis Virus Infection
Encephalomyocarditis Virus Infection in Animals
Epidemiology
Clinical Findings
Pathologic Findings
Diagnosis
Treatment, Control, and Prevention
Zoonotic Risk
Key Points
For More Information
Glässer Disease
Glässer Disease in Pigs
Etiology
Epidemiology
Clinical Findings
Lesions of Glässer Disease
Diagnosis
Treatment and Control
Key Points
For More Information
References
Nipah Virus Infection
Nipah Virus Infection in Swine
Etiology and Epidemiology
Transmission and Pathogenesis
Clinical Findings
Diagnosis
Treatment
Control and Prevention
Zoonotic Risk
Key Points
For More Information
Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis
Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis
Etiology, Epidemiology, and Pathogenesis
Clinical Findings
Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment and Control
Key Points
For More Information
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome
Etiology and Epidemiology
Clinical Findings
Diagnosis
Treatment and Control
Herd Closure to Control PRRS
Genetic Selection for Resistance to PRRS
Key Points
For More Information
References
Streptococcal Infections in Pigs
Streptococcal Infections in Pigs
Streptococcus suis
Infection in Pigs
Etiology and Pathogenesis
Epidemiology and Transmission
Clinical Findings
Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment, Control, and Prevention
Zoonotic Risk
Key Points
For More Information
Streptococcus dysgalactiae equisimilis
Infection in Pigs
Clinical Findings and Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment and Prevention
Key Points
For More Information
Streptococcus porcinus
Infection in Pigs
Streptococcus equi zooepidemicus
Infection in Pigs
For More Information
Swine Vesicular Disease
Swine Vesicular Disease
References
Etiology
Clinical Findings and Lesions
Diagnosis
Control
Key Points
For More Information
Trichinella
spp Infections (Trichinellosis, Trichinosis)
Trichinella
spp Infections in Animals
Etiology and Epidemiology
Clinical Findings and Diagnosis
Control
Key Points
For More Information
References
Ruminants
Bluetongue
Bluetongue in Ruminants
Etiology and Pathogenesis
Epidemiology and Transmission
Clinical Findings
Diagnosis
Treatment and Control
Key Points
For More Information
Bovine Ephemeral Fever
Bovine Ephemeral Fever
Etiology
Epidemiology
Clinical Findings
Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment and Control
Zoonotic Risk
Key Points
For More Information
References
Bovine Leukosis
Bovine Leukosis
Etiology, Transmission, and Epidemiology
References
Pathogenesis
Clinical Findings:
Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment and Control
Prevention
Zoonotic Risk
References
Key Points
For More Information
Caprine Arthritis and Encephalitis
Caprine Arthritis and Encephalitis
Etiology, Epidemiology, and Pathogenesis
Clinical Findings
Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment and Control
Key Points
For More Information
References
Colisepticemia (Septicemic Colibacillosis, Septicemic Disease)
Colisepticemia in Animals
Etiology and Epidemiology
Transmission and Pathogenesis
Clinical Findings
Diagnosis
Treatment
Control and Prevention
Key Points
For More Information
References
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Animals
Etiology and Epidemiology
Transmission and Pathogenesis
Clinical Findings and Diagnosis
Treatment
Control and Prevention
Key Points
For More Information
Heartwater
Heartwater
Etiology and Transmission
Pathogenesis
Clinical Findings
Diagnosis
Treatment, Control, and Prevention
Key Points
For More Information
Histophilosis
Histophilosis
Etiology and Transmission
Epidemiology
Pathogenesis
Clinical Findings
Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment and Prevention
Zoonotic Risk
Key Points
For More Information
References
Hemorrhagic Septicemia
Hemorrhagic Septicemia in Water Buffalo and Cattle
Etiology
Transmission, Epidemiology, and Pathogenesis
Clinical Findings
Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment and Prevention
Zoonotic Risk
Key Points
For More Information
Malignant Catarrhal Fever
Malignant Catarrhal Fever in Animals
Etiology
Clinical Findings
Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment and Control
Key Points
For More Information
Nairobi Sheep Disease
Nairobi Sheep Disease
Etiology and Transmission
Clinical Findings
References
Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment and Control
Zoonotic Risk
Key Points
For More Information
Pasteurellosis of Sheep and Goats
Pasteurellosis of Sheep and Goats
Etiology and Pathogenesis
Clinical Findings and Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prevention
Key Points
Peste des Petits Ruminants
Peste des Petits Ruminants
Etiology and Epidemiology
Transmission
Clinical Findings
Lesions
Diagnosis
Control
Key Points
For More Information
Rift Valley Fever
Rift Valley Fever in Animals
Etiology and Epidemiology
Clinical Findings
Lesions
Diagnosis
Control and Prevention
Zoonotic Risk
Key Points
For More Information
Rinderpest
Rinderpest
History
Etiology, Epidemiology, and Transmission
Clinical Findings
Lesions of Rinderpest
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Rinderpest Before Eradication
Diagnosis of Rinderpest After Eradication
Control
Control of Rinderpest Before Eradication
Control of Rinderpest After Eradication
Key Points
Disclaimer
For More Information
References
Tickborne Fever
Tickborne Fever in Ruminants
Etiology
Clinical Findings
Hematologic Changes
Diagnosis
Treatment and Control
Key Points
References
Tick Pyemia
Tick Pyemia in Lambs
Etiology
Clinical Findings
Lesions
Diagnosis
Treatment and Control
Key Points
For More Information
References
Wesselsbron Disease
Wesselsbron Disease in Animals
Etiology and Epidemiology
Clinical Findings
Lesions
Diagnosis
References
Control
Key Points
For More Information
