Vaccine Recommendations for Nonhuman Primates^a

Apes (gibbons and siamangs)

Tetanus (same products as for other species)

0.5 mL, IM, every 5 years

Rabies (killed vaccine)

1.0 mL, IM or SC, every year

Measles (MMR vaccine)

0.5 mL, IM, once

First dose at 4–6 months old, then boosters at 1 year and at 6–7 years.

Do not vaccinate pregnant animals.

Can lead to a false-positive intradermal TB test.

Callitrichids (marmosets and tamarins)

Tetanus (same products as for prosimians)

0.1 mL, IM, every 5 years

Rabies (killed vaccine)

1.0 mL, SC, every year

Only if there is a risk of exposure in the facility.

Measles (canine distemper-measles vaccine)

Not recommended

Modified live vaccine can cause disease and is not recommended.

Studies with canarypox-vector vaccines show active titers.

If risk of exposure is high, can be considered for extralabel use.

Cebidae (spider, capuchin, and squirrel monkeys)

Tetanus (same products as for other species)

0.5 mL, IM, every 5 years

Rabies (killed vaccine)

1.0 mL, IM or SC, every year

Only if there is risk of exposure in the facility.

Measles

Not recommended

Modified live vaccine can cause disease and is not recommended.

Cercopithecidae (macaques, drills, mangabeys, guenons, baboons)

Tetanus (same products as for other species)

0.5 mL, IM, every 5 years

Rabies (killed vaccine)

1.0 mL, IM or SC, every year

First dose at 4–6 months old, then boosters at 1 year and every year after that.

Measles (MMR vaccine, for macaques)

0.5 mL, SC

First dose at > 6 months old, then boosters at 1 year and at 6–7 years.

Do not vaccinate pregnant animals.

Great apes (orangutans, chimpanzees, gorillas)

Tetanus (human adsorbed product)

0.5 mL, IM, every 5 years

Alternative: DPT vaccine at 10-year intervals.

Rabies (killed vaccine)

1.0 mL, IM or SC, every year

First dose after 6 months old.

Polio (inactivated, injectable vaccine)

IM, once

Administered at 1–2 years old.

Pneumococcus

0.5 mL, IM, once

As needed for geriatric patients.

Respiratory syncytial virus

0.5 mL, IM, once

Not routine.

Influenza

1 dose, IM, every year

First dose after 6 months old.

Prosimians (lemurs, lorises, galagos)

Tetanus (adsorbed human product or equine product

0.5 mL (if animal < 1 kg, 0.1–0.25 mL), IM, every 5 years

Rabies (killed vaccine)

1.0 mL, IM or SC, every year